Research has increasingly focused on developing natural, safe, environmentally friendly control methods
By JH Biotech Inc. Product Division Manager Peter Feng, Ph.D.
Root-knot nematodes are one of the major pathogens in agricultural production. These nematodes infect the roots of plants, causing root tissue swelling, which hinders nutrient absorption, suppresses crop growth and development, and ultimately leads to reduced yields.
Root-knot nematodes are widespread globally, especially prevalent in tropical and subtropical regions. Traditionally, chemical agents such as nematicides, especially fumigants, have been used to control these pests.
While fumigants offer excellent soil-clearing effects, they also eliminate beneficial soil microorganisms, and most nematicides can only target nematodes themselves, without killing nematode egg masses.
With the push for sustainable agriculture, research has increasingly focused on developing natural, safe, and environmentally friendly control methods, with essential oils showing significant potential in controlling root-knot nematodes.
Essential oils are volatile substances extracted from aromatic plants’ leaves, stems, flowers, and roots. These oils have bioactive properties such as antibacterial, antifungal, and antioxidant effects.
Rich in aldehydes, terpenes, phenols, and esters, essential oils have natural pest- and disease-fighting abilities. In combating root-knot nematodes, many essential oils have demonstrated the ability to inhibit nematode activity, prevent reproduction, and reduce infection rates in plants.
Essential oils can control root-knot nematodes through several mechanisms. First, the active components in essential oils can directly affect the nematodes’ nervous systems, disrupting their movement and reproductive ability.
Many studies have found that essential oils containing terpene compounds, such as thyme oil, peppermint oil, and cinnamon oil, effectively paralyze nematodes, preventing them from infesting plant roots.
